8/24/2023 0 Comments Subgingival calculus removalDifferent power settings aid the clinician in removing tenacious calculus. A blue light is shown during calculus detection mode, and a green light is shown when the ultrasonic tip touches healthy cementum. The light signal is accompanied by an acoustic signal. When the ultrasonic tip touches the tooth surface, a light signal is displayed on the hand-piece and on the actual unit. The Perioscan™ instrument is used in two different modes. It provides the option of immediate calculus removal, simply by switching the mode from “detection” to “removal,” a technique that makes it unnecessary to relocate previously located calculus. Perioscan™ can differentiate calculus from healthy root surfaces according to the inherent difference in hardness between the materials. Different voltages are produced depending on the oscillation that, in turn, depends on the hardness of the surface encountered by the device. The tip of the ultrasonic insert in Perioscan™ oscillates continuously. Perioscan™ (Sirona, Germany) is an ultrasonic device that works on acoustic principles, similar to tapping a glass surface with a hard substance and analyzing the resulting sound to identify cracks in the glass. Ultrasonic calculus detection technology is based on conventional piezo-driven ultrasonic scaling. Further studies are necessary to assess the efficacy of this system for in vivo use. Hence, the Vector™ system can be an efficient adjunct for scaling and root planning. Use of an abrasive fluid with this system has been shown to cause similar loss of tooth substance compared to hand instrumentation. The Vector™ system is least efficient when polishing fluid is used with a straight metal tip. The abrasive fluid forms a smear layer on the scaled tooth surface ( Braun et al., 2003), which is responsible for reducing the postoperative hypersensitivity. This advantage may be attributed to the vertical vibrations of the ultrasonic tip. Although this system removes calculus efficiently ( Braun et al., 2002), the efficiency of removal is dependent on the abrasive fluid used.Īnother advantage of this system is the reduction in pain perception for the patient. The Vector™ system is recommended for use in conjunction with irrigation fluids containing hydroxyapatite or silicon carbide. The uniqueness of this system lies in the oscillations produced by the ultrasonic tip. The Vector™ system was specially designed to treat periodontal tissues aggressively while reducing the amount of tooth surface loss. Numerous in vivo and in vitro clinical studies have been performed to determine their efficacy of calculus removal. To enhance treatment planning and efficacy, several systems for calculus detection and/or elimination have been developed, based on different technologies ( Meissner and Kocher, 2011 Bhusari et al., 2013). Correct evaluation of a cleaned surface is a key to thorough debridement. The location and inflammatory status of the gingiva also impact the detection and subsequent removal of deep-seated calculus.Ĭlinicians are frequently uncertain about the nature of a subgingival root surface while performing periodontal instrumentation. The drawback of traditional tactile perception of the subgingival environment is that the clinician may lack visibility and accessibility before and after treatment, leading to residual calculus and/or the undesirable removal of cementum. This step is followed by tactile perception with a periodontal probe, explorer, or curette, until the root surface feels smooth and clean. These toxins are found on, but not within, the periodontally diseased root surfaces hence, the surfaces should be treated carefully without extensive removal of the underlying cementum ( Nyman et al., 1986).Ĭurrent subgingival root debridement techniques involve the systematic treatment of all diseased root surfaces by hand, sonic, and/or ultrasonic instruments. Because of its porous nature, calculus can adsorb a range of toxic products and retain substantial levels of endotoxin that can damage the periodontal tissues. The rough calculus surface may not, in itself, induce inflammation in the adjacent periodontal tissues, but may serve as an ideal substrate for subgingival microbial colonization ( Jepsen et al., 2011).Ĭause-related anti-infective therapy aims to eliminate the microbial biofilm and calcified deposits from diseased root surfaces through root surface debridement ( Jepsen et al., 2011). Their accumulation and attachment are facilitated by a roughened root surface ( Zander, 1953 Waerhaug, 1956 Mamoru et al., 2004). Bacterial plaque and calculus are accepted etiological agents in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease ( Ash et al., 1964).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |